In Canada, under the Marine Liability Act (MLA), if a ship spills oil of any kind in the marine environment it is the polluter who must pay for the cost of oil spill response. ���va�*LI�����rl{�2�.X���Ol˅���Ӧp���O�1-�ÞSR+��a78�� t��t {����e7�;Y�.����N� ��K���� p�6�*ݗRO�m���\��T-�kw�]��']3����_� ���p�Gޘ��=���Ehwϥ�$f6�Z�|a��?s�y}��ͧ���;YoR�v�.M�σ kbJ�v�=hȎ�\�v�=8���j�Θ��:�J߉����:�&GO�{Z�2��SΖ�R�y��bU��#�ƣ�Sɜu�5�����a2��Y��H�E��/����I2���~r�W�)ڝs��5W��޹���/'���=�r+�!���������* �9���q{�9\O����&��+�P��x��^�v�ܪ�5hw�m�L��B��T�# For example, the Interprovincial Pipeline reported 16 separate incidents that resulted in uncontrolled spillage of more than 1 million litres of liquid hydrocarbons between 1962 and 1996, almost one such incident every two years. Each has been evaluated through OSPR's unannounced drill program and has the ability to rapidly respond to a variety of oil spill incidents. Leaks and spills have been endemic on long-distance oil pipelines in Canada since the mid-twentieth century. 1 0 obj The small city of North Battleford was forced to Alberta pipelines: 5 major oil spills in recent history Little Buffalo. There were 23 spills of either refined petroleum products or crude oil in Quebec from 2004 to 2017, the report stated. 2002: Prestige off Spain – 63,000 tonnes. Below is a list of OSROs on contract with OSPR. n o�օN�dRJ0! <> endobj jurisdiction,” Interprovincial Pipe Line Company, National Energy Board Library, TN 879.5/C16, p. 1 of 30. Incident overviews provide information on significant spills of oil or hazardous material in British Columbia. As evidence in my previous articles on this topic has shown, oil pipeline spills have been a consistent environmental hazard in Canada since the mid-twentieth century. The Amoco Cadiz Oil Spill (1978) The Amoco Cadiz , a very large crude carrier (VLCC) stocked with nearly 69 million gallons of light crude oil , ran aground on shallow rocks off the coast of Brittany , France, on the morning of March 16, 1978. As the Auditor General of Alberta noted in a report on pipeline safety and regulation last March, “Not all incidents have equal impact.”. activehistory.ca/2015/07/the-biggest-oil-pipeline-spills-in-canadian-history The resulting fire destroyed a bridge. 11 21 120.0 Lube Oil-Turboflo 32 Suncor Terra Nova Terra Nova FPSO Compressor 12 18 10.0 Crude Oil HMDC Hibernia Hibernia Platform Offloading System 12 27-31 6,000.0 Crude Oil HMDC Hibernia Hibernia Platform Offloading System (Note 2) 6,475.9 809.5 53.7 Information in this table is preliminary and subject to revision. The first line of defense for cost recovery is the insurance shipowners are required to have. (�R�D�7��(�ћ��=. ��i�8s��er�o���nV�F�މ�Z�fy�Î�WS�͊�@���}�^4ZC8{����b�b�ͺ�����-Ь�S8��aP�T�f�h tR�C�f�h|��A��%Ӭ J��� According to early media reports, the massive spill, one of the largest in Canadian history, was first spotted by a contractor who was walking along the pipeline. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 18 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> It made the database available here: http://www.cbc.ca/newsblogs/community/editorsblog/2013/10/digging-for-data-on-pipelines.html. The short answer is: truck worse than train worse than pipeline worse than boat. It also includes analysis of a second database obtained and published by the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation via an access-to-information request covering a period from 2000 to 2012. Finally, data was also drawn from spill data released by Kinder Morgan for the Trans Mountain pipeline available here: http://www.transmountain.com/uploads/pages/1422040950-Dec-2014-Spill-Chart-for-posting-FINAL.pdf, [5] For details, see the pipeline incident database acquired by Global News in 2013 here: http://globalnews.ca/news/622513/open-data-alberta-oil-spills-1975-2013/. As I previously wrote in May, Leslie Young, Anna Mehler Paperny, Francis Silvaggio, and a production team from GlobalNews.ca assembled the most comprehensive chronology of oil pipeline spills in Alberta, covering a period from 1975 to 2013. But it … �ʟ�1��[�R4+��so(D���^�#J|�ې����a�r1*�D��\M� � �5�k�^4$�T��ݶړ����D��/f���A���hhz��#Y&�ע��������i��2.��d�H�j!h��W��^�OQ~��ju�Vc����Δ�.�ˇ4��������C� A growing list of oil spills in Canada and the United States July 21st, 2016: The Husky Oil spill, Saskatchewan Last week, on July 21st, a pipeline leak spilled as much as 1,570 barrels of crude oil and chemicals into the North Saskatchewan River. At 16:48PST Footnote 1 on Wednesday, April 8, 2015 the sailing vessel Hali observed a sheen of oil in English Bay and reported it to the Canadian Coast Guard (CCG). ͪQ'����NhV��6�j�ݬ5���|a���Y9�в��Q�� In 2013, Alberta Energy Regulator (AER) — the provincial regulator of oil pipelines within the borders of the province — published an analysis of pipeline performance from 1990 to 2012. Blog posts published before October  28, 2018 are licensed with a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 2.5 Canada License. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. H��-�PT$�z]2���n8�J�%q�V�4G`gd\EZ��{�6���CQҎ{Q�� f>�P�;�)is�/+��*��4��V�О�42�Ha���V���@)���)���C���LSS@�1'��5%G����0X�S:��A�#݉ne��L�q.&�2rX�&w�P���{�o]}f4�W�'��g��a���*�Ef]iZ��E�ϼhR�ʒ�C'pn.FPƛ�5��D���M �q�(7���"��ef�`��2�MT�r�67!�\��\m�n�#YF&7�(�w ��Ŋ�) He blogs at http://seankheraj.com where you can read all his work on the history of oil pipelines in Canada. Number of Alberta Pipeline Incidents and Volume of Releases, 2013-2014. [6] “Pipeline related incidents under N.E.B. As Canadians learned late last week with the news that a feeder pipeline operated by Nexen released more than five million litres of bitumen emulsion, the problem of oil pipeline spills is endemic to the industry and continues into the present. Below is a list of the major oil tanker spills since 1970 from ITOPF’s database: 2007: Hebei Spirit off South Korea – 11,000 tonnes. It found that over this period, there were 6,488 separate spill events involving the release of liquid hydrocarbons into the environment, an annual average of 282 spills per year. Learn More: Spill Response Procedures Video: Marine 101: What happens when a ship enters Canadian waters? [2] Those companies also built Canada’s first long-distance pipelines for the delivery of Alberta crude and natural gas to urban industrial markets in Vancouver, central Canada, and parts of the US. Canada from 1996 through 2014 of well over 1000 spills and approaching one billion gallons. Numerous media reports accurately identified this as “one of the worst leaks in Canadian history.” By volume, this might be the third largest on-shore liquid hydrocarbon spill in Canadian history (at least according to AER and NEB records). Investigative reporters found 28,666 crude oil spills for an average of nearly 775 per year or 2 oil spills every day for a period of 37 years. News of increased crude oil transportation by rail from Canada has raised this question again. Global News has made a very substantial contribution to the study of the history of oil pipeline spills in Alberta. Still, numerous large-scale oil spills have occurred in the past with considerable frequency. [2] Energy Resources Conservation Board, “ST57-2013 Field Surveillance and Operations Branch – Field Operations Provincial Summary 2012” (Calgary: June 2013), 9. And in Alberta, on pipelines regulated by AER, there were 25 crude oil and crude bitumen spills between 1975 and 2012, nearly one large-scale spill every one and a half years. [5]  The second largest on-shore oil spill by volume occurred in Manitoba in October 1967 along Line 3 of the Interprovincial Pipeline near Glenboro. | Climate Zone, History Department at the University of Saskatchewan, Trans Mountain Pipeline, 1961-2013: 81 oil spills reported to NEB; 1.53 spills per year, Interprovincial Pipeline, 1962-1996: 190 oil spills reported to NEB; 5.43 spills per year[4]. According to Richard Unger and John Thistle, “Canada and Canadians have long used relatively large quantities of energy and that total energy consumption in the country has risen dramatically over what is historically, and compared to many other countries, a short period of time.”[3] This would not have been possible without the development of large-scale pipeline infrastructure. Source: Library and Archives Canada, 3195990. The National Oil Spill Preparedness and Response Regime provides the framework for preparedness and response for ship-source oil spills in Canadian waters south of the 60th parallel. Oil is an environmentally hazardous material and, as such, its transportation creates risk. This map shows oil and gas industry spills. The CCG managed the response and clean-up operation with support from key partners, including Western Canada Marine Response Corporation (WCMRC), other federal departments, other levels of government and non-governmental … Across different parts of Canada, oil pipelines have ruptured in several massive on-shore spills in the past. [4] Richard W. Unger and John Thistle, Energy Consumption in Canada in the 19th and 20th Centuries (2013), 13. Each worker walked twelve to fifteen miles per day, checking on pipeline facilities in the Edmonton district and looking for leaks, a consistent problem for Alberta’s booming oil industry in the mid-twentieth century. They are a symptom of the broader transition in Canada from an economy based on traditional fuels (wood, animal, coal) to high-energy fossil fuels (oil, natural gas) that took place in the years after 1947. Spills are mainly detected within Canada's coastal areas, including the Great Lakes. However, inhaling hydrocarbons or ingesting oil when they groom themselves can damage their lungs, cause ulcers, and result in liver and kidney damage. — May 6, 2015: A 109-car Burlington Northern Santa Fe crude oil train derails near Heimdal, North Dakota. The accident was 23 miles from the Feb. 14 derailment. Coastal areas have higher traffic and a greater risk of accidents, such as ships running aground. Between 2003 – 2012, 78% of oil spills 10,000 litres or greater in Canadian waters involved fuel oil rather than oil carried as cargo. However, they have the potential to result in the most significant adverse environmental effects. endobj Last week, CBC News published a series of articles about energy pipeline safety on Canada’s federally-regulated system of oil and gas pipelines, revealing that between 2000 and 2011 Canada … When considering pipeline incidents in the recent past, the evidence is still sobering. �KPSzhwГw�ODl�Х+���)"���FA�w�*�;�Ƣ��K��\�f �آ~C4�H�D�-5��/}�fh�_z|3$��f�g��N%���8f���펹��lTN'b��zr��oL)�ו��/�1�� s��^_�n'j֘V��7�H�ʴ��sKѬ2�N�G.A]�F Ultimately, the environmental damage associated with oil pipeline spills is a product and function of the mass consumption of oil and the energy regime transition that began in Canada (and other parts of the world) in the second half of the twentieth century and continues into the present. :�2����e:�c��2�+W�oay'��iw�A�D����+�ï�{X�͔���QisU�A�kn,����R���7OJ�c;s�~�o��, | Climate Zone, ActiveHistory.ca is supported financially and administratively by the. <>/Metadata 155 0 R/ViewerPreferences 156 0 R>> %���� Incidents also increased in other provinces: In Ontario, there were more incidents in both 2016 and 2017 than in any other year since 2008. Canada oil pipeline spills 200,000 liters on aboriginal land. As a consequence, sea otters are regarded as being very sensitive to oil spills as oil may result in the fur losing its capacity to insulate the animals. In March 1950, four Alberta “pipeline walkers” spoke with a reporter from Canadian Press about their tireless work. Sean Kheraj is an associate professor of Canadian and environmental history at York University. The data in Table 1 and the accompanying partial list support our charges of repeated willful, reckless behavior, on The Biggest Oil Pipeline Spills in Canadian History, The Biggest Oil Pipeline Spills in Canadian History, “one of the worst leaks in Canadian history.”, Auditor General of Alberta, “Report of the Auditor General of Alberta” (March 2015), 49, “ST57-2013 Field Surveillance and Operations Branch – Field Operations Provincial Summary 2012”, http://www.cbc.ca/newsblogs/community/editorsblog/2013/10/digging-for-data-on-pipelines.html, http://www.transmountain.com/uploads/pages/1422040950-Dec-2014-Spill-Chart-for-posting-FINAL.pdf, http://globalnews.ca/news/622513/open-data-alberta-oil-spills-1975-2013/, Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, Is the Kinder Morgan pipeline in the national interest? Pingback: Is the Kinder Morgan pipeline in the national interest? �z�U�J7&������Y�O�f���jW�Ya�� In April 2011, almost 4.5 million litres of crude oil leaked near the First Nations community of Little... Red Deer River. Incident overviews. Canada commissioned reviews of Tsleil-Waututh expert reports on oil spills without telling the First Nation, the Federal Court of Appeal heard Monday, … The pipeline bulged and bursted during a pressure test, spewing 5,247,000 litres. The study predicts the frequency of oil spills from tankers in various regions and areas of Canada. Source: Global News pipeline incident database. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. There were 122 oil and gas spills and releases from pipelines last year in Canada — four of them "significant" — according to a report by the Canadian Energy Pipeline Association. Jan 27, 2017 - A-growing-list-of-oil-spills-in-Canada-and-the-United-States-1.pdf Source: Auditor General of Alberta, “Report of the Auditor General of Alberta” (March 2015), 49. An aircraft can detect spills of less than 1 litre. From 1994 through 2013, the U.S. had 745 serious incidents with gas distribution, causing 278 fatalities and 1059 injuries, with $110,658,083 in property damage. In 2017, the National Aerial Surveillance Program detected 2 878 litres of pollution spills in Canadian waters. Oil spills on pipelines regulated by AER that exceeded 1 million litres between 1975 and 2012. The expected spill rates (spills per year) are calculated by multiplying (1) the tonnage of oil loaded and unloaded at Canadian ports by (2) spill frequencies (spills per tonnes moved) derived from historical statistics. — March 7, 2015: A 94-car Canadian National Railway crude oil train derailed about 3 miles outside the northern Ontario town of Gogama. By Sean Kheraj. 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